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利用2022年9月嘉兴市光化学站小时分辨率的挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)和臭氧(O3)数据，分析了O3和VOCs的污染特征；采用基于观察数据的(observation-based model,OBM)模型，分析嘉兴市O3敏感性；并通过正定矩阵因子分析(positive matrix factorization,PMF)模型进行了环境VOCs来源解析研究。结果表明：高温(28.8～33℃)、低湿(69%～74%)、小风(1.4～2.0 m/s)等不利的气象条件有利于O3浓度升高。嘉兴市VOCs组分含量烷烃(6.7×10-9)>芳香烃(5.0×10-9)>烯烃(1.7×10-9)>炔烃(0.6×10-9)，臭氧生成潜势(ozone formation potential,OFP)芳香烃(74.0μg/m3)>烯烃(19.8μg/m3)>烷烃(14.1μg/m3)>炔烃(0.6μg/m3)。9月份嘉兴整体处于过渡区，但在中度污染天时多为NOx控制区。结合VOCs来源解析，北部工业区站主要为机动车排放(34%)、油品挥发(25%)、甲苯源(22%)、溶剂使用(9%)、植物排放(6%)和石化工艺过程(4%)；气象观测台站VOCs主要来源为机动车排放(30%)、液化石油气(25%)、甲苯源(18%)、石化工艺过程(16%)、溶剂使用(7%)和植物排放(4%)。嘉兴市秋季应以VOCs和NOx协同控制为主，并加大烯烃和芳香烃相关排放源的管控力度。
Abstract：Using the hourly data of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and ozone (O3) from Jiaxing Photochemical Station in September 2022,this paper analyzed the pollution characteristics of ozone and VOCs.The OBM (observation-based model) was used to analyze the ozone sensitivity of Jiaxing City.The source of the environmental VOCs was studied by positive matrix factor analization (PMF).The results show that the adverse meteorological conditions,such as high temperature (28.8～33℃),low humidity (69%～74%) and low wind (1.4～2.0 m/s),were conducive to the increase of O3concentration.For Jiaxing VOCs concentrations,alkane component (6.7×10-9)>aromatics hydrocarbons (5.0×10-9)>olefin (1.7×10-9)>alkynes (0.6×10-9),and for ozone formation potential (OFP),aromatic hydrocarbons (74.0μg/m3)>olefin (19.8μg/m3)>alkane (14.1μg/m3)>alkynes (0.6μg/m3).Jiaxing was in transition zone as a whole in September,but mostly controlled by NOxin moderately polluted days.The main VOCs sources in the northern industrial zone were vehicle emission (34%),oil volatilization (25%),toluene source (22%),solvent use (9%),petrochemical process (4%) and plant emission (6%).The main sources of VOCs in meteorological observation station were vehicle emission (30%),liquefied petroleum gas (25%),toluene source (18%),petrochemical process (16%),solvent use (7%) and plant emission (4%).Jiaxing should focus on the collaborative control of VOCs and NOxin autumn,and strengthen the control of olefin and aromatic hydrocarbon emission sources.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19478/j.cnki.2096-2347.2023.02.05
中图分类号:X51
引用信息:
[1]李莉,熊传芳,张颖龙等.嘉兴市秋季臭氧浓度变化特征及前体物VOCs的来源解析[J].三峡生态环境监测,2023,8(02):36-42.DOI:10.19478/j.cnki.2096-2347.2023.02.05.
基金信息:
浙江省生态环境科研和成果推广项目（2022HT0021）