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水体酸化是沿海地区危害最大的区域环境问题之一，探究水体酸化对氮循环的潜在影响极为迫切。本文对现有15N同位素示踪技术进行方法改进，实现了同时利用15N同位素示踪技术对硝化和反硝化速率进行测定，通过酸化模拟实验分析了不同酸化时间对沉积物硝化和反硝化速率的影响。结果显示：水体pH由7.17降低1个单位到6.17时，短期酸化组(SA组，4 d)和长期酸化组(LA组，50 d)的硝化速率分别为64.0和67.3μmol·N·kg-1·h-1，均显著低于无酸化对照组(NA组)，即短期和长期酸化分别下降32.8%和29.4%;SA组和LA组的反硝化速率分别为52.8和39.1μmol·N·kg-1·h-1，仅有LA组显著低于NA组，且下降幅度达23.1%。说明沉积物的硝化速率对水体酸化响应较快，而反硝化速率短期内无显著变化，长期酸化才有下降。总体来看，水体酸化可能抑制沉积物的氮循环速率，抑制河流系统氮素的去除。
Abstract：Water acidification in coastal regions is one of the most significant regional environmental issues. There is an urgent need to explore its potential impacts on nitrogen cycling. This study improved the existing15N isotope tracing technique to measure nitrification and denitrification rates. By conducting acidification simulation experiments, it analyzed the effects of different acidification durations on the rates of nitrification and denitrification in sediments. The results show that when the water pH value decreases by one unit from 7.17 to 6.17, the nitrification rates in the short-term acidification group(SA group, 4 d) and the long-term acidification group(LA group, 50 d) are 64.0 and 67.3 μmol·N·kg-1·h-1, respectively, both significantly lower than those in the non-acidifying control group(NA group). The nitrification rates in the SA and LA groups, decrease by 32.8% and 29.4% respectively.The denitrification rates in the SA and LA groups are 52.8 and 39.1 μmol·N·kg-1·h-1, respectively. Only the LA group exhibite a significant decrease compared to the NA group, with a reduction of 23.1%. These findings indicate that sediment nitrification rates responded rapidly to water acidification, while denitrification rates show no significant changes in the short term and only decrease after long-term acidification. Overall, water acidification may inhibit sediment nitrogen cycling rates and the removal of nitrogen in river systems.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19478/j.cnki.2096-2347.2025.04.04
中图分类号:X522
引用信息:
[1]卫文锋,容清,叶飞,等.水体酸化对河流沉积物硝化与反硝化速率的影响——基于同位素示踪技术的定量分析[J].三峡生态环境监测,2025,10(04):33-42.DOI:10.19478/j.cnki.2096-2347.2025.04.04.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（No.42206141）; 广东省自然科学基金面上项目（No.2023A1515011747）
2025-04-03
2025-04-03
2025-04-03